Airport Rescue Firefighting (ARFF) is a specialized branch of firefighting that specifically deals with the potential hazards and emergencies in aviation. With the increasing number of flights and passengers each day, the importance of ARFF professionals is more crucial than ever.
The world of firefighting is diverse, and one of the most critical roles within this field is that of an airport rescue firefighter. With the unique challenges posed by aircraft incidents and emergencies, airport firefighters play a vital role in ensuring the safety of passengers, crew, and airport personnel.
Early in my career I was a FAR 149 certified ARFF firefighter for our regional airport. Later in my career I was the Airport Liaison chief for fire protection and response for the airport. During this time, I was involved in training and certification for our ARFF response team.
Airport rescue firefighters are responsible for responding to emergencies such as airplane accidents and emergencies, fire incidents, both aircraft and structural, and other incidents that occur within the airport grounds including emergency medical calls. In this article, we will discuss the role and responsibilities of an airport rescue firefighter, how to become certified as an airport rescue firefighter, and discuss the importance of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations for ARFF Firefighters, FAR Part 149 and how FAR 149 impacts the ARFF Firefighter.
The Role and Responsibilities of an ARFF Firefighter.
Airport Rescue Firefighters are tasked with responding to aircraft emergencies, fires, and incidents at airports. Their primary goal is to minimize the consequences of accidents by extinguishing fires and rescuing trapped passengers and crew members. However, the roles and responsibilities of an ARFF firefighter reach far beyond responding to plane incidents.
- Aircraft Incident Response – ARFF professionals are trained to assess and manage aircraft emergencies, including fires, crashes, and fuel spills. They are skilled in utilizing specialized equipment, such as foam tenders, dry chemical systems, and high-reach extendable turrets, to combat these emergencies.
- Structural Firefighting – ARFF firefighters are also responsible for handling fires in airport terminals, hangars, and other on-site buildings. These fires may involve hazardous materials, complex layouts, and high occupancy, requiring specialized skills and knowledge.
- Emergency Medical Services (EMS) – Airport Rescue Firefighters are trained to provide first response medical assistance to injured passengers, crew members, and airport staff. They must be adept at assessing injuries, administering first aid, and coordinating with paramedics and other emergency services. Click here to learn more about becoming a Paramedic or Emergency Medical Technical.
- Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT) Response – ARFF professionals are skilled in the detection, containment, and clean-up of hazardous materials, such as fuels, chemicals, and deicing agents. They must also be familiar with the proper use of protective equipment and adhere to strict safety protocols.
Becoming a Certified Airport Rescue Firefighting (ARFF) Firefighter.
To become an Airport Rescue Firefighter, individuals must undergo extensive training and certification processes. It’s essential to adhere to the standards set by FAR Part 139 and other relevant regulations to ensure the safety of airport operations and passengers.
The steps to Achieve ARFF Firefighter Certification.
- Basic Firefighter Training – Prospective ARFF firefighters must first obtain a basic firefighting certification from a recognized firefighting training academy. This training typically includes coursework and hands-on experience in structural firefighting, emergency medical services, and HAZMAT response. Click here for information on attending the basic Fire Academy.
- ARFF Specific Training – After completing basic firefighting training, individuals must attend an ARFF specific training program accredited by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). These programs cover specialized topics, such as aircraft rescue techniques, airport firefighting operations, and aircraft familiarization. The FAA requires a minimum of 40 hours of initial ARFF training, followed by annual recurrent training.
- National Certification – Once the ARFF specific training is completed, candidates must pass a national certification exam administered by a recognized certification agency, such as the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) or the International Fire Service Accreditation Congress (IFSAC). This certification ensures that the individual has met the minimum qualifications for airport firefighting.
- State and Local Requirements – In addition to national certification, some states and local jurisdictions may require additional training or certification. It is essential to research and comply with the specific requirements for the region in which you plan to work.
Understanding FAR Part 149
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) establishes regulations for airport operations in the United States under Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 139, also known as “FAR Part 139.” These regulations provide a framework for ensuring the safe operation of airports, including the provision of ARFF services.
The Basics of FAR Part 139
FAR Part 139 is a set of regulations created by the FAA to ensure that airports meet specific safety, operational, and emergency response standards. One of the most crucial aspects of these regulations is the requirement for an airport to have an adequate Airport Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) capability. To become an airport rescue firefighter, individuals must meet certain basic requirements, including being at least 18 years old, possessing a high school diploma or GED equivalent, and holding a valid driver’s license.
Training and Certifications
A key component of becoming an airport rescue firefighter is obtaining the necessary training and certifications. Prospective firefighters must complete a FAA-approved ARFF training program, which covers topics such as aircraft familiarization, firefighting equipment and techniques, airport layout, and communication procedures. In addition, certification from an accredited organization like the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), the International Fire Service Accreditation Congress (IFSAC), or the Pro Board is required. The minimum certification level typically includes Firefighter I and II, as well as Hazmat Awareness and Operations.
To further specialize in ARFF, candidates may need to complete additional training, such as Aircraft Rescue Firefighting, Airport Firefighter, or ARFF Driver/Operator certifications. The specific requirements for ARFF training can vary by jurisdiction and airport size.
Physical and Medical Requirements
Being an airport rescue firefighter is a physically demanding job, which is why there are specific physical and medical requirements that must be met. Candidates are required to pass a physical agility test, which may include tasks such as climbing stairs, carrying equipment, and dragging hoses. They must also meet medical and health requirements as outlined by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1582 Standard or any other relevant standards, typically requiring a thorough medical examination and maintaining a high level of physical fitness.
Continuing Education and Re-certification
Once certified, airport rescue firefighters must engage in ongoing training and professional development to maintain and enhance their skills.
ARFF personnel must complete a minimum number of training hours every two years, as specified by FAR 149. Additionally, they must pass a re certification exam every two years to maintain their certification. The exam covers a variety of topics related to aircraft rescue firefighting, including regulations, safety practices, and technical knowledge.
The importance of FAR 149 for ARFF personnel cannot be overstated. By staying up to date with the latest advances in aircraft rescue firefighting, these individuals are able to respond quickly and effectively in the event of an emergency, saving lives and minimizing damage to aircraft.
In conclusion, Airport Rescue Firefighting (ARFF) firefighters play a critical role in ensuring the safety and security of airports, passengers, and personnel by responding to various emergencies, including aircraft incidents, fires, and hazardous materials situations. To become a certified ARFF firefighter, one must meet the necessary requirements, complete basic firefighting training, attend an FAA-approved ARFF specific training program, and pass a national certification exam. Compliance with FAR Part 149 and FAR Part 139 is essential to maintain the high standards of training and expertise required for this demanding profession.
Good luck to you, Be safe!